Hepatitis

Most HAV infections will cause symptoms including fatigue, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, headache, fever, dark urine, jaundice and liver enlargement and tenderness.

There are no specific cures for HAV or HBV. There are vaccines available and post-exposure prophylaxis can help prevent infection. There are also medications and treatments that can help lessen the symptoms.

HAV is spread through fecal contamination, meaning that it can be spread through anal sex. HAV can also be spread by people preparing or eating food after going to the bathroom and not washing their hands.

As with all STIs, the most effective protection is to abstain from sexual activity or be mutually monogamous with one long-term partner who has tested negative for hepatitis. The most effective way to protect yourself from HAV and HBV is to get vaccinated. The vaccines are given in either a series of two shots or three shots (depending on the vaccine) over a six-to-twelve-month period. There is a vaccine available for adults that protects against both HAV and HBV that requires a series of three shots over the course of six months. Condoms made of made of latex, polyurethane and/ or polyisoproprene can also reduce your risk.

https://www.cdc.gov/std/general/hepatitis.htm

Many HBV infections will not cause any symptoms. If symptoms are present, they may include joint pain, skin eruptions, a hive-like rash, fatigue, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, headache, fever, dark urine, jaundice, and liver enlargement and tenderness.

There are no specific cures for HAV or HBV. There are vaccines available and post-exposure prophylaxis can help prevent infection. There are also medications and treatments that can help lessen the symptoms.

HBV is spread through blood and other bodily fluids like pus, semen, and vaginal secretions.

As with all STIs, the most effective protection is to abstain from sexual activity or be monogamous with one long-term partner who has tested negative for hepatitis. There is no vaccine for HCV. Do not share needles (including those used for piercing or tattooing) or razors. Condoms made of made of latex, polyurethane and/or polyisoproprene can also reduce the risk of sexual transmission.

https://www.cdc.gov/std/general/hepatitis.htm

Most HCV infections do not cause symptoms, but will occasionally cause fatigue, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, headache, fever, dark urine, jaundice or liver enlargement and tenderness.

There is no specific cure for HCV, nor is there a vaccine available. But there are medications and treatments that can help lessen the symptoms.

HCV is spread primarily through blood. It has been detected in other bodily fluids, but transmission usually occurs when there is some kind of blood exchange. HCV is typically spread by needle sharing, but can be spread through sex if blood or bloody secretions are present.

As with all STIs, the most effective protection is to abstain from sexual activity or be monogamous with one long-term partner who has tested negative for hepatitis. There is no vaccine for HCV. Do not share infected needles (including those used for piercing or tattooing) or razors. Condoms made of latex, polyurethane and/or polyisoproprene can also reduce the risk of sexual transmission.

https://www.cdc.gov/std/general/hepatitis.htm